Anti-Cancer and Anti-Proliferation Activity of Ethyl Asetat Extract From Ant Nest (Myrmecodia pendans) in Burkitt's Lymphoma Cancer Cells

Objective: To determine the activity of anti-cancer and anti-proliferation of ethyl acetate fraction of ant nest plants (Myrmecodia pendans) in Burkitt's Lymphoma cancer cells. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in a pure laboratory experimental method using Burkitt's Lymphoma cancer cell culture. Gradual research begins with the determination, extraction and fractionation of ant nest plants, to test for proliferation barriers. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc LSD test with a significance level of 95%. Pearson correlation test was conducted. Results: The results of testing the inhibition of Burkitt's Lymphoma cell proliferation with ethyl acetate extract treatment showed that there was inhibition of cell growth based on the concentration given, starting from the lowest concentration of 15.625 µg/mL. Likewise, the incubation time factor of 24, 48, and 72 hours showed that the longer the incubation time, the greater the inhibition of cell growth. Antiproliferation analysis of flavonoid ethyl acetate extract based on concentration and incubation time on absorption of optical density Burkitt's Lymphoma was statistically significant (p = 0.00). Conclusion: Ant nest ethyl acetate extract has the effect of proliferation inhibition on Burkitt's lymphoma cells.

Pulse Rate Change After Childhood Anxiety Management with Modeling and Reinforcement Technique of Children's Dental Care

Objective: To know the influence of handling child anxiety with modeling and reinforcement technique on changes in pulse rate in dental and oral care. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 53 children aged 6-12 years who first came to pedodontic clinic in dental and oral hospital education of Hasanuddin University. Anxiety level was measured using objective parameters, measurement of radial pulse. Measurement of anxiety level was done before and after modeling and reinforcement was given through three treatments: I: dental models; II: game and III: video modeling and reinforcement. Data analysis was done using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Friedman test. Results: There was a decrease before and after modeling and reinforcement. Before intervention, the average pulse rates in treatment I, II and III were 90.79, 88.00 and 88.38, respectively. After intervention, the average decrease in pulse rate of five beats per minute seen in the first treatment (85.15), a decrease of seven beats per minute on the second treatment (81.98), while in treatment III the average decrease was eight beats per minute (80.19) (p<0.001). Conclusion: Modeling and reinforcement technique effectively reduces children's anxiety levels for dental and oral care.

Impact of the Use of Ethanolic Extract of Propolis, Flavonoid and Non-Flavonoid Propolis for Direct Pulp Capping in Collagen Type I Density

Aim: To analysis collagen type I density on inflamed rat dental pulp after capping with propolis. Methods: Flavonoid and non-flavonoid substances were purified from propolis. Eighty male rats were divided into five groups, each group consisting of 16 rats. As a negative control (group I), rats were not conducted any treatment. A class I cavity was prepared on the occlusal surface of right maxillary first molar. Dental pulp was exposed and allowed in oral environment for 60 minutes, then dental pulp capping with ethanolic extract of propolis (group II), flavonoid propolis (group III), non-flavonoid propolis (group IV), or calcium hydroxide as positive control (group V). Rats were sacrificed at 6 hours, 2, 4 or 7 days, biopsy samples were obtained, stained and viewed by light microscope. Data was statistically analysis using Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Except in group I, collagen type I density was increased in group II, III, and V with the longer of observation time periods. However, in group IV, collagen type I density increased only on day 7. No statistically significant differences of collagen type I density among the groups for each time period were found. Conclusions: Propolis and flavonoid propolis may increase collagen density on inflamed rat dental pulp (AU).